AMP - Aviation Maintenance Technician Powerplant Practice Exam

How does a variable geometry turbocharger operate?

1. It maintains a fixed position for optimal airflow

2. It adjusts the angle of its vanes to optimize airflow at different speeds

3. It uses a static design for airflow management

4. It increases the size of the turbocharger for better performance

The correct answer is: It adjusts the angle of its vanes to optimize airflow at different speeds

A variable geometry turbocharger is designed to enhance the performance of an engine across different operating conditions. It achieves this by adjusting the angle of its vanes, which are located in the turbine section of the turbocharger. This adjustment allows for better control of the airflow entering the turbocharger, optimizing it for both low and high engine speeds. At lower speeds, the vanes can be positioned to allow for a more direct and efficient exhaust flow, reducing lag and improving responsiveness. As engine speed increases, the vanes shift to accommodate higher airflow demands, ensuring that the turbocharger provides maximum boost and efficiency. This design contrasts significantly with fixed geometry turbochargers, which do not have the capability to adapt their geometry based on operating conditions, thus potentially leading to inefficiencies in airflow management at different speeds.