How does fuel system balancing affect an aircraft during flight?

Fuel system balancing plays a crucial role in maintaining an aircraft's center of gravity (CG) during flight. As fuel is consumed from various tanks, the weight distribution of the aircraft can change. If the fuel is not balanced properly, it can lead to an undesirable shift in the CG, which can adversely affect the aircraft's handling characteristics, stability, and overall performance.

Maintaining the center of gravity within the specified limits is vital for safe flight, as it directly influences the aircraft's balance and maneuverability. When the CG is too far forward or aft, it can result in difficulties in controlling the aircraft, especially during critical phases of flight such as takeoff and landing. Therefore, proper fuel system balancing is essential not just for operational efficiency, but also for ensuring the aircraft remains safely within its designed CG limits throughout the flight.