What is the role of the engine control unit (ECU)?

The role of the engine control unit (ECU) is to manage various engine parameters for optimized performance. The ECU is essentially a computer that processes data from multiple sensors throughout the engine to control the operation of various systems, including fuel injection, ignition timing, air-fuel mixture, and exhaust emission controls. By analyzing this data, the ECU can make real-time adjustments to ensure optimal engine performance, fuel efficiency, and compliance with emission regulations. This comprehensive control over numerous aspects of engine operation is vital for modern engines, which rely on sophisticated technology to meet performance expectations and environmental standards.